1/2/2024 0 Comments Hillbilly rock 2018![]() The Appalachians themselves were perceived as backward, quick to violence, and inbred in their isolation. Post-war, although the frontier pushed farther west, the region maintained frontier characteristics. Before the war, Appalachia was not distinctively different from other rural areas of the country. At this time, the country was developing both technologically and socially, but the Appalachian region was falling behind. The term "hillbilly" spread in the years following the American Civil War. Many further migrated to the American colonies beginning in the 1730s, and in America became known as the Scots-Irish although this term is inaccurate as they were also of Northern English descent. The settlers from Ulster were mainly Protestants who migrated to Ireland from Lowland Scotland and Northern England during the Plantation of Ulster in the 17th century. The Appalachian Mountains were settled in the 18th century by settlers primarily from England, lowland Scotland, and the province of Ulster in Ireland. In America hillbilly was first attested only in 1898, which suggests a later, independent development." History Michael Montgomery's From Ulster to America: The Scotch-Irish Heritage of American English states, "In Ulster in recent years it has sometimes been supposed that was coined to refer to followers of King William III and brought to America by early Ulster emigrants, but this derivation is almost certainly incorrect. In time the term hillbilly became synonymous with the Williamites who settled in the hills of North America. In 17th century Ireland, during the Williamite War, protestant supporters of William III ("King Billy") were referred to as "Billy's Boys" because 'Billy' is a diminutive of 'William' (common across the British Isles). Many of the early settlers to the Thirteen Colonies were from Scotland and Northern Ireland and were followers of William of Orange, the Protestant king of England. These Scottish Covenanters fled to the hills of southern Scotland in the late 17th century to avoid persecution of their religious beliefs. The words "hill-folk" and "Billie" were combined and applied to the Cameronians who followed the teachings of a militant Presbyterians named Richard Cameron. In Scotland, the term "hill-folk" referred to people who preferred isolation from the greater society, and "billy" meant "comrade" or "companion". The term 'Hillbilly' is Scottish in origin but is not derived from its dialect. The term's later usage extended beyond solely white communities, exemplified with the "Hispanic hillbillies of northern New Mexico," in reference to the Hispanos of New Mexico. Scholars argue this duality is reflective of the split ethnic identities in white America. The stereotype is twofold in that it incorporates both positive and negative traits: "Hillbillies" are often considered independent and self-reliant individuals who resist the modernization of society, but at the same time they are also defined as backward and violent. ![]() ![]() ix, July 1892), an 1899 photograph of men and women in West Virginia labeled "Camp Hillbilly", and a 1900 New York Journal article containing the definition: "a Hill-Billie is a free and untrammeled white citizen of Alabama, who lives in the hills, has no means to speak of, dresses as he can, talks as he pleases, drinks whiskey when he gets it, and fires off his revolver as the fancy takes him". The first known instances of "hillbilly" in print were in The Railroad Trainmen's Journal (vol. The term was later used to refer to people from other rural and mountainous areas west of the Mississippi river too, particularly those of the Rocky Mountains and near the Rio Grande. Hillbilly is a term (often derogatory) for people who dwell in rural, mountainous areas in the United States, primarily in southern Appalachia and the Ozarks.
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